Caught in the Crossfire

Darren Manzella
Army sergeant Manzella, originally from Portland, N.Y., was deployed in 2004 to Iraq, where he provided emergency treatment on the streets of Baghdad, earning him the Combat Medical Badge. Now 32, he was discharged last year after two tours of duty in the Middle East.

"Don't ask, don't tell" was supposed to preserve critical talent and allow gays and lesbians to serve their country honorably. Instead, gay discharges skyrocketed as those who were ready and willing to put their lives on the line were ousted simply because of whom they love.

The effect of discharge--and fear of discharge--on gay troops is immeasurable, causing financial hardship, family strain, anxiety, and depression. Deployed service members have it especially hard, as support networks outside the military are limited while overseas. The conditions of war are difficult for every service member, but the unique burdens faced by gays and lesbians have driven their suicide rate well above the already high military average.

For those who leave families behind, including children, partners, and spouses, stresses run particularly high. DADT strains family connections by punishing gay and lesbian service members for keeping family photos or e-mailing their loved ones. Because gay troops are forbidden to reveal their sexual orientation, their partners and families have no way to access the vast resources offered to most military families. They are also denied access to crucial information about deployed family members, including their status, condition, return dates, or even whether they have been killed.

But the price of the ban is not paid by gays alone. In addition to the national security costs of throwing out badly needed military personnel, DADT has cast a pall of suspicion over the private lives of gays and straights alike, encouraging conformity to damaging and outdated stereotypes of "proper" gender behavior. Whatever one's actual orientation, the easiest way to convince others that one is straight is to exaggerate traditional hetero roles, which too often means disparaging women and gays. This pressure to conform and the need to lie to one's peers to stay in uniform are hardly recipes for unit cohesion, morale, or readiness. They're the ingredients of ignorance, harassment, and repression. And they're the price we all pay to prop up a policy that reflects moral animus and political expediency, and was never based on sound research or military necessity in the first place.

Jen Hogg
(left, with partner Jackie Scalone)
Sergeant Hogg was based in Buffalo with the New York Army National Guard, serving as a track vehicle mechanic and wrecker operator. Hogg was honorably discharged a year early due to a medical condition and, because of her discomfort with "don't ask, don't tell," decided not to fight the discharge. Now 27, she is cofounder of the Service Women's Action Network and lives in Jersey City, N.J.

Todd Belok
Todd Belok was disenrolled as a midshipman in George Washington University's Naval ROTC program in 2008 after fellow NROTC members saw him kissing his boyfriend at a fraternity party. Belok, 19, from Ridgefield, Conn., is now a sophomore at GWU, majoring in political science.

Joan Darrah
Captain Darrah, 58, served as a Naval intelligence officer for nearly 30 years in the United States and in Spain before retiring in 2002. A native of Mattapoisett, Mass., she is a member of the Servicemembers Legal Defense Network's Military Advisory Council and testified before Congress last year.

Jeff Carnes
Proficient in multiple Arabic dialects, staff sergeant Carnes, now 32, served in the Army as a linguist from 1997 to 2004, including a 2000-2001 tour in Kosovo. He spent an additional two years in the Army Reserve and earned several medals, including the Bronze Star. He decided not to reenlist because of the "don't ask, don't tell" policy. Carnes is from Jefferson, Wis.