COMMENTARY: The American Psychological Association may no longer consider homosexuality a disorder, but according to its updated guidebook, playing with toys or liking sex a lot is cause for concern.
Today the American Psychiatric Association released on its website the proposed changes to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which is the guidebook to help mental health professionals determine particular disorders in patients. Everything from delirium to eating disorders is under review, and it has taken over 10 years and more than 600 experts to get it to this point. This is the famous document that once claimed homosexuality as a disorder, and the new version still keeps a lot of sexual diversity stigmatized under the label of paraphilias.
On the one hand, there are some sexual disorders that can benefit from being in the DSM-5, like sexual interest/arousal disorder and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (though I’m not quite sure if a woman's experience of pain during intercourse constitutes a psychological disorder). Having these disorders included may help patients get insurance coverage for treatment.
On the other hand, the APA feels the need to label as a “disorder” just about every kind of sexual activity besides missionary position. They want to even add “hypersexual disorder,” which seems to apply to everyone even though they state that “significant gaps in basic knowledge remain” about the topic. To determine if a person has hypersexual disorder, the evaluation questionnaire asks a patient if they are having problems with masturbation or problems having sex with consenting adults.
This is what determines if a person is hypersexual?
In fact, it seems anything society deems as sexually “abnormal” gets labeled a disorder. After all, that’s how LGBT people were labeled in the 1950s and ’60s.
The DSM-5 covers its sexual bases by labeling all fetishism a disorder. To be fair, the manual tries to make a distinction between a paraphilia (like using a dildo) and a paraphilic disorder (if the use of a dildo is the basis for distress and impairment). But isn’t that just like saying being gay is OK unless being gay causes you distress or impairs you? There seems to be no acknowledgment that social stigma of people who are different could be the source of distress and impairment.
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