27 groundbreaking LGBTQ+ politicians & public officials who are moving equality forward
08/22/2025 09:25 PM GMT
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LGBTQ+ Candidates Who've Made History
LGBTQ+ elected officials
There are now more out LGBTQ+ elected officials in the United States than at any point in history: 1,334 nationwide, according to the LGBTQ Victory Institute’s Out for America 2025 report. That represents a 198 percent increase since 2017 and an 8 percent jump in LGBTQ+ members of Congress in just the past year. The report highlights striking gains among officials of color and queer and pansexual leaders, even as LGBTQ+ people remain underrepresented overall, holding only 0.26 percent of elected positions despite making up more than 9 percent of the U.S. population.
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This growth builds on more than half a century of barrier-breaking milestones. In 1974, Ann Arbor’s Kathy Kozachenko became the first out LGBTQ+ person elected to office, followed that same year by Massachusetts legislator Elaine Noble. Harvey Milk’s 1977 election and assassination a year later galvanized a generation, while trailblazers like Barney Frank, Tammy Baldwin, Roberta Achtenberg, and Annise Parker pushed representation to new levels in the decades that followed.
Today’s historic class includes the nation’s first out transgender member of Congress, Sarah McBride, the first gay immigrant to serve in the House, Robert Garcia, and three sitting out governors: Maura Healey, Tina Kotek, and Jared Polis. As Victory Institute President Evan Low put it, “These exceptionally talented public servants are exactly what we need as the antidote to combat the anti-equality virus in our halls of power.”
Read on to learn more about the groundbreakers who have shaped LGBTQ+ political history, and those carrying the torch forward.
Kathy Kozachenko
KATHY KOZACHENKO, a lesbian, was the first out member of the LGBTQ+ community elected to any political office in the U.S., winning a City Council seat in Ann Arbor, Mich., in April 1974. There were two gay men on the council in the liberal college town (home to the University of Michigan), but they didn't come out until after they were elected. Kozachenko served one two-year term, then moved away, but she remained an activist, volunteering in political campaigns and helping to organize the March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights in 1979. She was named to the LGBTQ Victory Institute's first Hall of Fame class in 2021.
Elaine Noble
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1974 saw another first: In November, lesbian ELAINE NOBLE became the first out candidate elected to a state legislature when voters in a Boston district sent her to the Massachusetts House of Representatives. A Democrat, she was encouraged to run for office by Ann Lewis, sister of another groundbreaker, Barney Frank, who was already in the Massachusetts House but wasn't out yet. Noble served two terms, and in 1976 she was part of the first gay and lesbian delegation to visit the White House. She later founded an LGBTQ-supportive drug and alcohol treatment center, taught school, sold real estate, and volunteered in Democratic politics.
Harvey Milk
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No history of LGBTQ+ political trailblazers would be complete without mention of HARVEY MILK. Milk has had a higher profile than some others because of his charisma and his martyrdom, and he's been memorialized on the stage and screen. Elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in 1977, Milk was the first out candidate elected to office in California. He was assassinated a year later, along with Mayor George Moscone, by a disgruntled former supervisor, Dan White. Milk is also remembered for helping to defeat a California ballot initiative that would have barred gays and lesbians from teaching in public schools.
Barney Frank
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BARNEY FRANK, then a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, made history in 1987 as the first congressman to voluntarily come out. Gerry Studds, another gay man in the Massachusetts delegation, had been outed in 1983. After serving in the Massachusetts legislature, Frank represented a Boston-area district in the U.S. House from 1981 to 2013. In 2012, he married longtime partner Jim Ready, becoming the first member of Congress in a legal same-sex marriage. He told The Advocate in 2015 that he believes he wouldn't have been elected to any office if he'd come out in the 1970s, but he doesn't regret coming out when he did and sees no reason for any LGBTQ+ politician to be closeted now.
Roberta Achtenberg
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ROBERTA ACHTENBERG weathered the wrath of infamously homophobic U.S. Sen. Jesse Helms to win the distinction of being the first Senate-confirmed out presidential appointee. A former member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, Achtenberg was nominated by President Bill Clinton to be assistant secretary of Housing and Urban Development. Helms called her a "damn lesbian" and accused her of a vendetta against the Boy Scouts simply because she wanted the group to be inclusive. But the Senate confirmed her by a vote of 58-31 in 1993. Achtenberg later served on the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights.
Tammy Baldwin
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TAMMY BALDWIN began her political career in her native Wisconsin, serving on the Madison Common Council in 1986 and then being elected to four terms on the Dane County Board of Supervisors. She was elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1992, and in 1998, Wisconsin sent the lesbian legislator to Washington as the first member of Congress who was out from the get-go (others had come out while in office). She served seven terms in the U.S. House and then, in 2012, was elected as the nation's first out U.S. senator. She's still in the Senate, advocating for LGBTQ+ equality and other progressive causes.
James Hormel
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Gay activist and philanthropist JAMES HORMEL was the first out U.S. ambassador, but there were some bumps in the road on the way to that achievement. President Bill Clinton nominated him as ambassador to Luxembourg in 1997, but the Senate wouldn't vote on his confirmation. He was deemed too "aggressively gay" and was called anti-Catholic because he dared to laugh at the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence. Clinton made him ambassador through a recess appointment in 1999, and Hormel served until 2001. He continued working for LGBTQ+ causes until his death in 2021.
Annise Parker
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In 2010, ANNISE PARKER was elected mayor of Houston, making her the first out mayor of a top 10 U.S. city (Houston is the fourth largest). Parker, a lesbian, had previously worked in the oil and gas industry and served on the Houston City Council and as city controller. After three terms as mayor, in which she helped pass an LGBTQ-inclusive civil rights ordinance only to see it repealed by voters, she became president and CEO of the LGBTQ Victory Fund and Victory Institute, helping train and elect out candidates.
Mark Takano
Courtesy pictured
California's MARK TAKANO, a gay man of Japanese descent, was elected to the U.S. House in 2012, becoming the first out LGBTQ+ person of color in Congress. He's a former public-school teacher and community college trustee, so advocating for education is high on his list of priorities. He's a member of the House Education and Labor Committee and chairman of the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs.
Kate Brown
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KATE BROWN became the nation's first out bisexual governor in 2015, when she was sworn in as Oregon's top official after the resignation of Gov. John Kitzhaber. The state has no lieutenant governor, so as secretary of state she was next in line. She was elected in her own right in a special election in 2016 and reelected in 2018, both LGBTQ+ firsts. She is not running this year due to term limits, but her successor may well be a lesbian, fellow Democrat Tina Kotek.
Danica Roem
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DANICA ROEM in 2017 defeated the most anti-LGBTQ+ member of the Virginia House of Delegates and was then sworn in as the first out trans person to serve in any state's legislature (a trans candidate had been elected in New Hampshire in 2012 but withdrew before taking office). Roem has now been reelected twice, both times taking down homophobic, transphobic challengers. She's running for state Senate in 2023.
Jared Polis
Courtesy Polis for Colorado Campaign
JARED POLIS was elected governor of Colorado in 2018, making him the first out gay man to win that distinction in any state (Jim McGreevey resigned as governor of New Jersey after coming out in 2004). This year, he's likely to be the first one reelected. Polis is a former congressman and entrepreneur, and he added to his list of firsts by marrying longtime partner Marlon Reis in 2021 -- the first same-sex wedding of a sitting governor. They have two children; Polis was the first gay father in Congress.
Sharice Davids
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SHARICE DAVIDS is one of the first two Native American women elected to Congress and the first gay one. Elected in 2018 (unseating a four-term Republican) and reelected in 2020, she represents a Kansas district in the U.S. House, and she's seeking a third term this year. "I would never say that I speak for all Native people or even my tribe [Ho-Chunk]," she told The Advocate in 2021. She added, "Like any group, Native people are not a monolith. I think it's helpful to constantly remind people of that and make sure that folks know that I might be an expert on my lived experience or certain parts of legislation or policy."
Pete Buttigieg
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During the 2020 presidential race, the nation got to know PETE BUTTIGIEG well. Seeking the Democratic presidential nomination, the gay man who'd been mayor of South Bend, Ind., was the first out candidate on a national debate stage, and while he was not the first out major-party presidential aspirant (another gay man, Fred Karger, had that distinction by seeking the Republican nomination in 2012), Buttigieg went farther. When Buttigieg left the race, he endorsed the eventual winner, Joe Biden. Now secretary of Transportation, Buttigieg is the first out gay Senate-confirmed Cabinet member.
Mondaire Jones
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MONDAIRE JONES in 2020 became one of the first two Black members of the LGBTQ+ community elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. The other was fellow New Yorker Ritchie Torres, who was one of the Advocates for Change we profiled this summer; Torres is Afro-Latinx, and both he and Jones are gay men. Recently, when the House voted on a bill that would write marriage equality into federal law, Jones gave an impassioned speech about how the issue is personal to him. "Imagine telling the next generation of Americans -- my generation -- that we no longer have the right to marry who we love," he said. "Congress can't allow that to happen." In August, Jones lost his primary for reelection to the House -- he had to run in a new district due to a redrawing of New York's congressional map -- but he undoubtedly still has a bright future in politics.
Mauree Turner
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MAUREE TURNER of Oklahoma made history in 2020 as the first out nonbinary person elected to any state legislature. Representing an Oklahoma City district in the state House, Turner is also the first Muslim legislator in the Sooner State. "A lot of people don't know how much you risk putting your name on the ballot if you are not a white cis het man, and it was a lot of work to get here," Turner, a Democrat, said after their election. "I had to put faith in my community to catch me when I jumped, and they did." Turner is running for reelection this year.
Rachel Levine
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DR. RACHEL LEVINE became the first out transgender official confirmed by the U.S. Senate when the chamber in 2021 approved her appointment as assistant secretary for health at the Department of Health and Human Services. Levine, who was previously Pennsylvania's health secretary, is the highest-ranking out trans person in the federal government. She's encountered transphobia but has continued speaking out for trans youth and other marginalized populations.
U.S. Rep. Sarah McBride
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SARAH MCBRIDE became the first openly transgender member of Congress when she was sworn in January 2025 to represent Delaware. She described the moment to The Advocate as both “surreal” and “awe-inspiring” while reflecting on her journey from state senator and Human Rights Campaign spokesperson to Capitol Hill. Within her first months, McBride passed a bipartisan bill reshaping credit-repair protections. She has also pushed back against GOP attacks and spoken with The Advocate about the need for Democrats to approach voters with humility rather than “purity tests.”
Rep. Robert Garcia
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ROBERT GARCIA, the first out gay immigrant elected to Congress, made history in 2025 as the first Latino and LGBTQ+ lawmaker elected as ranking member of the House Oversight Committee. The former Long Beach mayor has become a leading Democratic voice on accountability, climate action, and immigration reform. Garcia has condemned Republican attacks on LGBTQ+ colleagues as “vile” and “shameful,” a stance reported by The Advocate after GOP targeting of Sarah McBride. His appointment signaled a generational shift in leadership within House Democrats.
NY Rep. Ritchie Torres
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RITCHIE TORRES, the first Afro-Latino and one of the first out gay Black men elected to Congress, has represented the Bronx since 2021. A champion of affordable housing and equal rights, he has often linked his advocacy to his own upbringing in public housing. In August 2025, Torres endorsed Gov. Kathy Hochul for reelection after years of criticism. As co-chair of Equality PAC, he has raised millions for pro-LGBTQ+ candidates and remains a visible national voice on LGBTQ+ equality and racial justice.
Rep. Malcolm Kenyatta
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MALCOLM KENYATTA became the first out gay Black man elected to Pennsylvania’s legislature in 2018 and has since risen to national prominence. In 2022, he mounted a run for the U.S. Senate, becoming the first out gay man of color to seek the office in Pennsylvania. In February 2025, Kenyatta was elected vice chair of the Democratic National Committee, making him one of the party’s highest-ranking LGBTQ+ officials. He also made headlines in The Advocate this year for criticizing activist David Hogg over what he called misrepresentations of DNC processes.
Rep. Mark Pocan
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MARK POCAN, Wisconsin’s longtime progressive representative, has been one of Congress’s most consistent LGBTQ+ advocates since succeeding Tammy Baldwin in 2013. As the former chair of the Equality Caucus, he has pressed for health care access, labor rights, and equity. In 2025, The Advocate reported his sharp exchange with Wisconsin GOP Rep. Derrick Van Orden after Van Orden mocked mental health, with Pocan retorting that only someone who cut Medicaid would use it as an insult. He also drew attention for calling out Republicans who refuse to hold town halls.
Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images
Photo by Andrew Harnik/Getty Images
JULIE JOHNSON became the first openly lesbian congresswoman from the South when she was elected in 2024 to represent Texas’s 32nd District. A civil rights attorney and former state legislator, she previously authored Texas’s first bipartisan Medicaid expansion bill. In 2025, The Advocate covered her denunciation of Republican redistricting efforts, which she called a “corrupt power grab” designed to entrench Trump allies. Johnson has made health care and LGBTQ+ representation the core of her work in Washington.
Bill Clark/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images
Bill Clark/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images
EMILY RANDALL, a Latina lesbian and first-generation college graduate, entered Congress in 2025 representing Washington’s 6th District. A former state senator, she has long focused on affordable health care and education, inspired by her sister’s medical needs. The Advocate reported on her decision to post a sign on her Capitol office restroom welcoming people of all genders, an act of quiet defiance amid anti-trans rhetoric. She continues to champion progressive issues while raising visibility for queer lawmakers of color.
Rep. Becca Balint
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BECCA BALINT broke barriers in 2022 as Vermont’s first woman and first out LGBTQ+ member of Congress. A former Vermont Senate leader, she has prioritized housing, education, and climate legislation. In her second term, she co-leads a Progressive Caucus task force aimed at curbing corporate influence. She also introduced legislation supporting LGBTQ+ seniors. She has been very outspoken in defense of trans rights.
Gov. Maura Healey
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MAURA HEALEY became one of the nation’s first out lesbian governors when she was elected in Massachusetts in 2022. She had previously served as state attorney general, where she led high-profile lawsuits against the Trump administration over environmental and immigration policies. As governor, Healey has expanded preschool access, launched climate and biodiversity initiatives, and advanced workforce training.
Gov. Tina Kotek
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TINA KOTEK, elected Oregon governor in 2022, joined Maura Healey in breaking barriers as one of the nation’s first lesbian governors. She had already made history as the first out lesbian to lead a state legislative chamber when she served as Oregon’s House speaker. In 2025, she signed landmark legislation providing unemployment benefits to striking public-sector workers, the first such law in the nation. She also defended Oregon’s sanctuary law against federal threats by the Trump administration.
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